Energy transition is increasingly politicized, particularly in regions where energy production is deeply intertwined with livelihoods and identities. In these places, divides around energy transition and climate action are often amplified and used as political tools, manifesting in efforts to repeal and undercut government spending on climate change, delay the deployment of renewable energy projects, and bolster opposition to decarbonization policies.

The objectives of this study are to understand: (1) how perceptions of energy transition risk and fairness contribute to affective polarization around decarbonization; (2) how these influences support for climate policies; and (3) whether including just transition policy supports in climate policy design can increase public acceptance within fossil fuel producing regions.Our results will inform discussions around energy justice and climate policy in energy producing regions. And ultimately, will help guide the design of national and regional policies that advance climate goals in an effective, acceptable, and just manner, particularly in contexts where energy is a polarizing political subject.